Blooming America

"Stem cells and immune cells are biological memory cells, and when the surrounding environment occurs shortly, stem cells or immune cells will have permanent changes. (.) Environmental changes cause a permanent change of cellular behavior to help stem cells Differentiation into various tissue cells and help immune cells to remember the pathogen. "Hai Ferik put down the book in his hand, then looked at Catherine. "Simply, the cell memory is activated by the positive antine, and the Anti-lactus routing consists of internal signals, and can be constantly activated, such as cell division. For synthetic biology, we can redeal simply Anti-lane road Genetic Anti-radians are activated after accepting signals and continuously, and chemical signals play an important role in the loop. A few years ago, in the laboratory, David. Dubin and Kai Ruolin. Franklin synthesized a genetic device in yeast, making yeast to start self-growth in the conditions of galactose. "Compared with Jenny, Haiferik is more professional. But fortunately, Catherine is now ... Also almost understandable. "They added the artificial switch in yeast using genetic engineering. When the yeast cells encountered galactose, a man-made genetic sequence will be connected to a red fluorescent protein and activate a positive antine. When starting, a yellow fluorescent protein will begin to express the anti-radian road in turn, so that the yeast is permanently activated. "" So then? "" We may be able to do not repair the protein or more protein. In the case of our repair purposes, the activation of our repair is to study this activation. Just starting. "Haiferik said very serious. "In fact, we don't need to know if yeast cells encounter galactose. As long as there is a synthetic molecular component, we can turn on the anti-radian path to activate the cells to complete our set tasks, sometimes some of the complex multi-antine Behavior, which relies on the development of cell biology. "White is white, if there is no more ways to open in front." This study will not be so fast. "Almost all cells will have some biological behaviors in a galactose in the environment. However, in natural conditions, there are a large amount of microorganisms around the organized or surroundings, and the cells have different reactions. When radiation or Carcinogens damage DNA in tissue cells. Some cells have mutations, producing stronger cell stress reactions to repair their DNA. Various organisms and even monocyte organisms have the ability to repair DNA, which helps We understand the evolution of cancer diseases. Because when DNA mutations may affect cells, cells can be continuously replicated - this is a typical feature of cancer cells. (M) "Haiferik gives Catherine.

Ok ... Catherine is of course not turned all over.

"In the experiment, I used synthetic cell memory to observe the memory process of yeast cells with significant DNA damage, and studied the difference between cells that did not have mutated around the surroundings. I transformed the artificial genetic in yeast cells. Components, the components that are activated in galactose are deactivated, only when DNA damage - such as radiation or chemical damage - the case is activated, this new Anti-lane road is called hug1. I put yeast into EMS - a chemical substance, which can cause DNA damage - when the artificial Anti-lane is activated. Then I once again see a previous reaction: after the cancer contacts the yeast cells, red fluorescence There was a short period of time. Then the yellow fluorescence has been a few days. And, I also found yellow fluorescence in the child of yeast cells. "

Although Hairrik explained a series of names to Catherine, it was unfortunate that Catherine still didn't understand.

"what does that mean?"

Catherine asked hesitate.

"A change, change, fairly cool changes."

Even how it is so cool this experiment. But what is the meaning of our outsiders ... Is there anything?

Hai Frick seems to realize that Dear Catherine shows that he can't hear these play. He smiled, then he continued: "This is a quite beautiful and quite a cool experiment, but it is really interesting to study cells. How to distinguish between DNA damage category. Because memory cells can emit fluorescence, I can use the activation of fluorescence to screen cells, and there is no illuminating cells indicate that there is no mutation. "LED indicates that mutations have been shown."

"The cells that do not illuminate and no mutated cells are small, while fluorescent cells grow slowly and have different degrees of mutations. When the cells enter the split period and continuously breed, the cell population will always retain a low mutation rate - - Even if there is no carcinogen-intervention-cell DNA copy number, there is a mismatch. We can analyze random mutations by calculation, and random mutations refer to one-month cells showing abnormal behavior after mutation. "

With the application of the computer, the current biology is also developed, the computer is a scientific development accelerator, this sentence is correct.

"We have found that after the removal is removed, even if the yeast is constantly dividing until the generation, the fluorescent protein remembers the EMS also maintains a low mutation rate. Memory of DNA damage can help cells are kept vigilant to future changes, stimulation stress Reaction repair mutation DNA, therefore still maintains a low mutation rate ... "

Hai Frick has been emotional: "In the case of natural case, the response to poison is often difficult to detect, only the artificial memory cells may be observed - it is like our fluorescence, especially the memory cell growth rate. Low, it will gradually be diluted with normal cells, which allows us to know more about memory ... But even so, biological memory features far beyond our imagination. "

At this time, Catherine's brain was twisted.

"Keep it, we have been in this case, start ..."

"--and many more"

Catherine stopped Hai Ferik that wanted to continue.

"Let me know everything ... you mean ... Oh, probably, our human stem cell has a kind of ... Hey ... Memory function?"

"Not just stem cells, all cells, stem cells are what I have to say, we will have a kind of therapy similar to repairing protein function by this cell."

I can't understand half, I can't understand it. The next half, it is definitely listening to the sky.

"You can understand this ... Our cells have memory capabilities, then this magical biological memory function can maintain our human health. Embryonic stem cells and induced multi-functional stem cells can be converted to any kind of cells, they have potential Transforming into needed cells, cure conditions. However, they may also have harmful variations. If we can make good use of this memory, we can develop everything on top of it. "

Rate more than this ability is also such capabilities, but this is just Catherine's guess.

At this point, Catherine knows some.

Hyperik has turned to the presence of a repair protein or more protein after studying more proteins.

Because the source of this repair protein is too small.

This will be a great change if it is possible to synthesize through artificial methods. And "s protein" appears, it is to be a pioneering.

But after the experiment, Haiferik has almost no progress.

Later, Hai Frick changed a way - why must you have to pursue exactly the same? As long as the function is the same, you can be fine.

It is because such changes, let Haiferik combines its own old, starting genetic engineering research.

Edit human gene sequences to correct gene mutations in stem cells - this method binds to stem cell therapy and genetic correction.

And this is also what Haifei is studying.

"In the previous experiment, we combined with genetic editing techniques, the patient's own induced genetic mutation of stem cells was corrected, and the gene mutation in a metabolic hepatic wrapper cell was fixed."

Re-adjust the human self, cure diseases, rather than relying on organ transplantation or drug treatment or other surgery.

But as Haverick said, the change of stem cells may be advantageous, but it may be harmful.

However, it is precisely because of memory and recognition ability, as long as the cells can "distinguish" itself, this can be fully practical.

"Of course, induce multi-functional stem cells, like other cells of the owner, there is the same genetic defect, so it is necessary to remove these defects, but remove these defects first. However, it may not be very accurate; the existing gene editing method Cancer or other adverse side effects. The recent genetic editorial approach cannot be used for stem cells. "

So the cell memory is required.

In fact, Catherine is also the same, more protein is based on Catherine's body itself to "repair", if Catherine has genetic defects, the problem of the rabbit lip, the Catherine's rabbit lip may be a lifetime - Because the more than the message obtained from the genetic database, it will be considered "normal state".

Catherine grateful to his mother's mother.

"Inducing the source of multi-function stem cells is very extensive, therefore, our prospects are very large, even we only need a little skin cell, then transform it over. In this study, the time of the course of treatment will be a repair protein Ten times to one hundred times, but it is undeniable that as long as we can correct the mistakes, we will always get the last product ... That is, to achieve new therapies similar to the effect of repairing proteins. "

This will definitely be a revolution.

There is no doubt that Catherine thinks so.

......

Today, the fourth, , biology is difficult ... (untrained. If you like this work, welcome to invest recommendations, monthly tickets,

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