Medical road

Aorta, aorta, such as important roads and railways will be compared to aorta.

The real large arteries of the human body are actually similar in nature to highways and important railways. Blood rich in oxygen and nutrients separates countless small arteries from the large arteries.

The small arteries separate countless capillaries, and finally countless cells are inserted in the capillaries and then slowly become capillary veins, converging into small veins, and finally converging into large veins back to the heart.

This is roughly a circuit of human blood vessels, and blood is slowly consumed from arterial blood into venous blood from this circuit.

It can be said that the organs that come out for food do not form a closed loop, and almost all other organs in the human body are closed loops.

Even the respiratory tract is deceiving the air. Come in and take a look, yell!This was a dead end, and then dropped the oxygen and went out by himself.

When the skin of the human body is intact, when it acts as a city wall, almost all bacteria and viruses that are invasive to the human body can be isolated from the body.

So, sometimes, stop your mouth, don't lick, stop your hands, don't touch, wash your hands frequently.

Keep your brother under control, don't go through the back door. No matter how powerful the virus or bacteria are, it can't help you.

Zhang Fan took the general doctors and the doctors outside his head to the operating table.

Old Chen's belly is bulging at this time, just like a pregnant woman expecting to give birth.

There are many surgical methods for the abdominal aorta, but the condition is a little more complicated, and open surgery cannot be replaced.

"Prepare." Zhang Fan said softly.

"Okay!" Xue Xiaoqiao immediately began to prepare.

What are you going to prepare?In this way, the abdominal aorta hides slightly above the spine of the human body.

If you want to work on it, you must first figure out the surrounding intestines.

The small intestine, the large intestine, to be honest, a fatter person, his things, and the bathtub for a child may not be in full bloom.

Regardless of normal times, it seems that a person is not thick from the stomach to the back. This is all an illusion.

You ask the tailor, you ask the general surgeon, he can cry and tell you that it is too thick.

For people who are a little bit fatter, open their stomachs and clean out the intestines inside. There is nothing wrong with putting them in a five or six-year-old child.

With such a depth, you can only think of a way before opening the abdomen. First, let the patient fast and defecate to reduce intestinal content.

Then, lower the head of the patient on the operating bed, as if the chair were down in the shampoo room.

The patient was in a state of head low and feet high, and then started from the xiphoid process with a knife around the navel and pulled directly to the upper end of the pubic bone.

It can be said that this kind of operation is the most important thing about laparotomy, appendectomy, gallbladder removal, at best, it is a little trouble to open a hole and drill an eye.

During the general hepatobiliary surgery, Zhang Fan not only passed the system barriers, he also gained a sense of experience from a large number of operations, and his skills were sublimated.

Not to mention anything else, this cut that just opened his stomach was envious of Chen Quanping in general.

For ordinary surgical incisions, first the surgeon takes a piece of gauze in his left hand, and the assistant takes a piece of gauze, and then the gauze is flush with the skin to be cut.

Just like you are playing with your girlfriend, your girlfriend is pulling your face with both hands and splitting your mouth. The tight skin is the smoothest cut.

But now it's too late, the aorta opens up, joking, this is not a joke.

As soon as Xue Xiaoqiao picked up the gauze, Zhang Fan had already begun to cut it.

The knife is held horizontally with the right hand. In surgery, especially in obstetrics and gynecology where women are the mainstay, they like to use the pen-holding style when holding the knife.

I don't know who started it. Anyway, if a male doctor likes to hold a knife with a pen, he will often get this sentence: Your teacher is a maternity!

The pen-holding style is more precise, horizontal knife, there is a feeling of opening and closing inside.

As for Zhang Fan, accuracy is no longer a problem. Therefore, he prefers to hold it horizontally, just like the Diao Xia has just come out of the waterfall, and prefers a thick bladeless knife.

Hold the right hand horizontally, stretch the skin with the index finger of the left thumb, and then go directly from the top to the bottom, She! Like a flash of lightning, it opened Lao Chen's belly around the belly button.

The belly button is like the handle on the door, perfectly avoided, "stop the bleeding, pull the hook."

If you want to be fast, there is nothing left, Zhang Fan will not lift his head, and the blood on his skin will not stop.

The General Foreign Affairs Director held the electric knife like an electric welder, stopping the bleeding one after another, and Xue Xiaoqiao and another assistant took the super-large hook and began to open their abdomen.

Old-fashioned steel pots know how big this hook is. The lid of a steel pot that can steam more than 20 large steamed buns at a time can be split in the middle to be used as a big hook. That's it.

This thing can be pulled for one or two minutes, anyone can pull it, but it can be pulled for one and a half hours, and for several hours, people who don't have a lot of time can't take it off.

Not only to antagonize the contraction of the patient's skin muscles, but also to change the position of the surgeon at all times.

To be honest, doctors in general surgery all have a unicorn arm.Otherwise, it will not last so long, you will pull an orthopedic doctor to let him pull the hook and perform the operation, absolutely full of abdominal defamation.After he was killed, he didn't come to the general outside to help pull the hook.

Open the stomach, the edema of the small intestine is like a striped balloon, bang!Bang!Bang!One by one stood up.

It was filled with air, undigested food, yellow, gray, and brown. As it squirmed, it seemed like a group of villains rioted.

The air rose, the solid liquid sank, a lot of raised bubbles appeared in the small intestine and large intestine, as if to Zhang Fan and the others: Why, why, trouble?Come on, who is afraid of whom!

Ischemic edema makes the small intestine and large intestine full of vesicles, and then because of bleeding, the abdominal cavity is full of bright red blood.

Obediently, gurgling, really, like a pot of unpierced fish bubbles in a red oil pot.

Really, like it!The semi-coagulated blood streaks and blood clots in the blood hang on the air bubbles in the intestinal wall, and are properly hung like red peppers on the fish bubbles.

"Gauze! Come on, don't count, what are you doing early!" Seeing the nurse counting the gauze piece by piece, Zhang Fan became very angry.

He couldn't help but not worry, his stomach full of blood, like a hot pot with red oil, kept gurgling.

At this time, the amount of blood lost in one second is how many ml of blood is lost. The equipment nurse froze for a while, and the head nurse immediately said, "Xiao Li, give the gauze to Zhang Yuan. Come on!"

"Oh, good!" The little nurse gritted her teeth and handed all the uncounted gauze to Zhang Fan.

To be honest, such an operation is illegal.On the operating table, especially for laparotomy, all objects on and off the table must be double checked.

It is two people who counted together twice.When the operation is finished, you can often see such a scene, two nurses stand side by side like primary school students, shouting loudly: one, two, three...twenty.

It looks funny and naive, but this is the rule, for the patient's rule, the iron rule.

If there is a missing piece of gauze and a missing needle, the patient cannot get off the operating table.

Then all the doctors and nurses poked their butts all over the floor, looking for them in the operating room and the containment box filled with medical waste.

Even if there is stool excreted by the patient, the nurse and doctor will pinch it open and read it again. It is so harsh.

If you find it, then, if you can't find it, hehe, it's a big deal.

Forgetting equipment or gauze in the patient's abdominal cavity is not a joke, nor is it a legend. In the early years, this kind of accident occurred not only in China, but also in the medical profession all over the world.

A piece of gauze got into the stomach, the patient didn't know, the doctor forgot, and the patient's wound was like a child's mouth, and it never healed, and a thread came out in a few days, and a thread came out in a few days.

The most exaggerated, even some patients have rejected it for more than 30 years!I have had a pus in my stomach for 30 years, and my stomach will grow like wool. I spit out a piece of gauze every day.Really, it sounds like tears.

Later, a blue line was placed on the gauze. I don't know if you have noticed it. There are blue lines on the regular medical gauze. This thing is used for X-ray imaging.

However, even with this line, what should be forgotten is to forget. In the end, an army nurse in China invented seven and eight pairs.

She is also the first nurse in the Chinese army to win the Nightingale Prize.

When Zhang Fan was in school, he was fortunate to have an aseptic surgery class for an old lady. The old lady with the rank of major general couldn't tell that she was a general-level figure.

He has a kind face and a kind face. He has been unmarried all his life and has been struggling on the medical front all his life.

Since this old lady from China formulated seven checks and eight pairs, there have been fewer and fewer cases of missing instrument gauze in the abdominal cavity.

Really, sometimes, the older generation in China is too good, but few people know them.

Maybe they don't want others to know, they just exist and struggle quietly.

For what?Perhaps it is for the heart that never admits defeat.For the oath made under the Red Cross banner.

Sometimes, struggle and persistence seem to be all egg soup, so I just coax my stomach and just listen.

However, sometimes, you see him, persistence, hard work, no change in one day, no change in a year, when ten years later, it is absolutely different, maybe this is the reason why the faith never fades.

Pulling his stomach apart, Zhang Fan kept stuffing gauze into the lower part of the intestines, one piece, ten yuan, fifty yuan, and a lot of gauze was stuffed in.

The belly is stuffed like snow candy, and the small intestine has protruded from the suture of the abdomen.

Like a wriggling maggot, "Let me go back, your uncle, it's cold outside!"

"Tissue bag! Warm salt water!"

The big tissue bag, Zhang Fan is like washing pig intestines, stuffing the protruding small intestine into the tissue bag, and then pours warm salt water.

The intestine is different from the stomach. The stomach has a solid skin. You can take it out and step on your feet, put it in, and still eat or drink.

But the intestines are different, this thing is very delicate, a little bit cold and frightened, this thing does not move, and begins to pretend to be dead.

If the moisture on the surface loses more, it will be like a woman who hasn't applied a mask for a week, and it will directly necrosis in your stomach.

Therefore, the warm salt water head nurses and roving nurses in the tissue bag are constantly replacing constant temperature salt water. They cannot be hot or cold. To be honest, they are the uncle-level figures in the abdominal cavity.

Open the stomach and separate the intestines.At this time, I saw the abdominal aorta in the abdominal cavity.

If you raise the lens and place it on the position of the shadowless lamp, at this moment, the heads of the four Zhang Fan and the others are as if they were stuffed into a big mouth in a blood basin.

Unfathomable!

Really, Zhang Fan almost really put his head into this hole.

"Too fat!" Zhang Fan, who rarely complained during the operation, said involuntarily.

It was too uncomfortable, really, half-bent, like the sculpture among the comedians.

Zhang Fan's neck abruptly pulled his head and hung it in the air, and he had to bend his waist to send his head in.

That's fine, but the smell in the abdominal cavity is still unpleasant.

The warm abdominal temperature, the smell of the abdominal cavity and the odor of blood decomposition, are useless to wear a mask.

Slimy, stinky, and slightly hot. Really, it's like someone licking your cheek with their tongue out after eating rotten eggs or stinky tofu.

The father of a child probably has such experience. The child’s stomach is not good. The wife shows you the child’s stool, and then you put your face on the child’s stool five cm above the stool.

You can't show hiccups yet, or your wife will definitely go crazy.

And Zhang Fan can't have hiccups, because once you have a hiccup, your hands will tremble, and your blood vessels will sprinkle fireworks on you.

Really, Zhang Fan bit his tongue for surgery.

Separation, continuous separation, the intestines are suspended in the belly, this thing is semi-free, and if you want to perform the operation on the back of the abdomen, you must first swim away from these suspended ligaments.

After separating the ligaments, separate the blood vessels.The large artery divides into countless small arteries.

This operation is too difficult, and it really didn't lose the status and name of the fatality rate as high as 70 or 80.

"The whole body is heparinized!"

Zhang Fan's head was slightly above the abdominal cavity, and his words seemed to respond.

Heparin is actually anticoagulant, which means that the blood does not coagulate.

Really, it is too difficult. Once the blood vessel is injured, it will activate the inner wall of the blood vessel to stop bleeding.

So, some people broke their hands, stuffed them in their mouths, and then took them out to see, hey, no bleeding.

He proudly said: Look, Lao Tzu's tongue and saliva can stop the bleeding.

It's really a joke, this thing can be infected, and the bleeding is not how flexible your tongue is, but the blood vessels stop bleeding by themselves.

Ordinary people can clot blood, but the female bosses of Mishima can't, and even a broken little finger can flow into shock.

The blood vessels have to stop the bleeding by themselves, but the arteries are too big to stop, and the blood vessels are in a hurry. Then the whole body stops bleeding, and the slippery blood in the blood vessels becomes cement, which directly becomes an embolism.

Therefore, this operation is very contradictory. While stopping the bleeding, it uses a lot of anticoagulants to make the blood flow.

Separation, ligation, this is the beginning of the operation, really, the failure rate of this kind of operation is extremely high.

Before hemostasis, you must save the kidney first, so you can save the egg?

The blood supply of these organs is established first, and then the abdominal aorta is repaired.

Don't talk about Zhang Fan, the head nurse who was watching was all sweaty.

Zhang Fan gritted his teeth, his waist shouted again: Turtle son, dare you stretch it out for Lao Tzu, just stretch it out, it's about to break!

Xue Xiaoqiao is not much better.The upper limbs are no longer conscious, the soles of the feet are aching, and the five toes are almost scratching the slippers like fingers.

But they can't move, they can't move at all, because underneath are blood vessels, which are large arteries.

One hour passed.

Two hours passed.

The family members and children outside the operating room were tired from crying and crying, staring at the wall with blank eyes.

The several doctors and nurses that the medical office were looking for were still talking and talking, really, it's hard to be the director of the medical office, it's too good, these few can be said to be too difficult to find.

Cut open the blood vessel wall, turn the round tube-shaped blood vessel into a piece of flattened paper, and then trim it to remove the separated interlayer.

Then, just like repairing a water pipe, put an artificial blood vessel in it.

"Zhang Yuan, should I replace you?"

Chen Quanping watched the sweat beading from the back of Zhang Fan's head. Although he was dying with sore legs, he knew that Zhang Fan was more uncomfortable than him at this time.

"No need to!"

That is, I am familiar with Zhang Fan's style, otherwise, I can't stand his attitude.

Sew, finally, it's done.Zhang Fan slowly straightened his body, and he could hear the creaking sound of his waist.